台湾的公共政策营销及对我们的启示

在"营销功能扩大化"和新公共管理运动思潮的影响下,运用"营销"的理念和方法改进公共服务成为政府改革的一个重要面向。台湾学术界弥补了西方研究者没有把"政府再造"的重点放在政策管理层面上的研究缺陷,确立了"公共政策营销"研究在公共政策学科中的地位。台湾的一些地方政府在实践中也进行了政策营销的有益尝试。这些理论和实践的探索对于大陆地区的政策管理和政策创新来说,具有较大的借鉴意义。     

文化传播视角下中国公共外交的机遇和策略

本文通过分析文化传播因素在公共外交中的地位和作用,认为党和国家对建设社会主义文化强国的重视为当前中国开展公共外交提供了以下机遇:第一,有利于培养国内民众正确的价值观取向、民族认同感和健康的民族心态,为开展公共外交打下良好的国内民意基础;第二,有利于文化事业和文化产业的协调发展,为开展公共外交提供更多具有吸引力的文化产品;第三,有利于加强和完善我国的现代传播体系,为开展公共外交赢得更多的话语权。面对当前的机遇,中国可以从制定明确的中长期规划和阶段性目标、整合公共外交各主体的优势以及加强文化传播体系建设等方面入手推动公共外交向可持续发展迈进。     

The Promise of Prediction Contests

This article examines the prediction contest as a vehicle for aggregating the opinions of a crowd of experts. After proposing a general definition distinguishing prediction contests from other mechanisms for harnessing the wisdom of crowds, we focus on point-forecasting contests—contests in which forecasters submit point forecasts with a prize going to the entry closest to the quantity of interest. We first illustrate the incentive for forecasters to submit reports that exaggerate in the direction of their private information. Whereas this exaggeration raises a forecaster's mean squared error, it increases his or her chances of winning the contest. And in contrast to conventional wisdom, this nontruthful reporting usually improves the accuracy of the resulting crowd forecast. The source of this improvement is that exaggeration shifts weight away from public information (information known to all forecasters) and by so doing helps alleviate public knowledge bias. In the context of a simple theoretical model of overlapping information and forecaster behaviors, we present closed-form expressions for the mean squared error of the crowd forecasts which will help identify the situations in which point forecasting contests will be most useful.     

Business Location Decisions in the United States: Estimates of the Effects of Unionization,Taxes, and Other Characteristics of States

This article examines how corporate decisions about the location for a new manufacturing plant in the U.S. are influenced by unionization, taxes, and other characteristics of states. The conditional logit model is used with some modifications to make the model more applicable to the business location decision. The most important finding is that the union sympathies of states have a major effect on business location. The results also indicate that state taxes affect business location, contradicting the conventional wisdom in the economic literature, although the tax effect is of modest magnitude.     

市場化:一種可供選擇的農村公共品供給方式——兼論當前農村公共品的供給危機與偏差

公共品供給的城鄉差距,地區差異,個體差別;供給瑕疵,供給不足與過剩並存,供給延遲等,是當前農村公共品供給的主要問題。這種效率和公平的雙重缺失,與長期的城鄉二元制以及政府壟斷供給有密切關係。本文結合西方公共選擇理論、公共管理學和政策科學等有關思想和理論,提出了引入市場機制供給農村公共品的觀點。並就市場化供給提出了相關的路徑選擇和制度安排。     

内生于民主理念的社会排斥及其出路——查尔斯·泰勒对程序性自由主义的批评

加拿大政治哲学家查尔斯·秦勒认为,自由主义民主是一种关于包容的价值体系.因此它所主张的民主政治必然要求建立具有强势内聚力的政治认同,没有这种内聚力便没有包容.但与此相矛盾的是,以强势内聚力为基础的政治认同内生着排斥的诱因,并在政治实践中导致社会排斥的真实发生.在当代民主理论和政治实践中,这种内生于民主理念的社会排斥对包容价值观构成威胁,造成民主理论的解释困境和对现实认同的破坏.程序性自由主义抽象掉历史文化的参照点和关于良善生活的理念,着眼于个体自由、个人权利和合法程序,不仅未能使民主理论走出反而使其更深地陷入困境.在泰勒看来,走出困境的关键路径在公共领域,即通过人们在其中的平等交流和协商不断建构政治认同.     

Competencies of senior communication practitioners in the UK: An initial study

There is now a considerable body of knowledge conceptualizing the roles that public relations practitioners enact. A key element in the enactment of those roles is the competencies, or behaviors of those who occupy them, however there are no systematic studies of these competencies. Occupational psychologists who conducted in-depth interviews with 17 ‘top’ communicators in the UK, discovered 10 core competencies or behaviors specific to the senior communication practitioner role in publicly quoted companies, and 10 core competencies for those working in the public sector. These competencies are elucidated and compared and the implications discussed. Avenues for further research are also identified.     

An ideal public relations master's curriculum: Expectations and status Quo

This study provides further endorsement for a cross-disciplinary graduate public relations curriculum based on in-depth interviews with leaders in industry and education and qualitative content analysis of university Web sites. It summarizes prior research studies that have tracked master's curricula since 1985 and concludes that although there is little curriculum consistency in place, there is more vision and expectation on the part of leaders in the field for an ideal public relations master's curriculum.     

Experience of female public relations practitioners in Bahrain

The research addressed the gap in the literature about the experience of public relations practitioners in the non-Western society of Bahrain. The research aims to contribute to public relations scholarship by using a qualitative approach to study the experience of Bahraini women working in public relations. It used open interviews with Bahraini PR practitioners who offered rich insights on their “experiences” as women working in PR in Bahrain. The interviewees talked about various types of challenges when working in public relations such as cultural marginalization, relationship with colleagues, social domination, and marginalization of PR function. The research suggests combined liberal and radical feminist strategies to improve the role of Bahraini women in public relations. It recommends social and organizational reforms, in addition to empowering women to utilize their personality traits, communication behaviors and management styles.     

公示语汉英翻译方法的探讨

公示语具有提示性、指示性、限制性、强制性等应用功能，影响着我们生活的各个方面。目前公示语翻译中存在着一些严重问题，未能提供正确的提示和帮助，在外国友人中造成了一定不良影响。在分析不同类别公示语的应用功能及特色同时，通过大量例句介绍了公示语的翻译策略，呼吁在校大学生重视公示语翻译，促进公示语翻译质量的进一步提高。